Energy storage, through an EMS, monitors renewable energy output in real time. When fluctuations are large, it absorbs excess power (charging) and supplements shortages (discharging) to smooth the power curve.
Common control strategies include constant power output and tracking a planned curve. This reduces curtailment of wind and solar power and improves grid-friendly integration.
In PV-storage systems, DC coupling offers higher efficiency and is suitable for industrial and commercial PV integration.
